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See, this is why gender essentialism is essentially sexist

by Jennifer Kesler on December 6, 2010

Reader Audra submitted this article, Confessions of a Young Anti-Feminist, by Josephine Asher. I’ve long maintained that sexist arguments are rarely rational, and usually represent intellects that are more privileged than trained, but rarely have I seen an article do a better job of inadvertently making the argument for me. Asher’s failure to separate rationalized emotion from rationality begins here:

Instead of harnessing the different qualities of men and women to energise us, we are striving to make men and women equal.

I long ago banned gender essentialist arguments from this site. Gender essentialism is the idea that men and women are inherently different, and therefore any woman claiming not to like pink and babies is either lying, rebelling or deranged – and likewise, any man claiming not to care for sports or want to spend time with his kids even if it means changing diapers is similarly deranged. The assumption of inherent biological differences completely lacks scientific foundation, and I make that case more thoroughly in the article linked above. But worse, what it’s founded on is an emotional desire to believe that everyone who doesn’t conform to gender “norms” is defective and can therefore be discounted as a representative of humanity. If we want to be taken seriously as thoughtful human beings, the desire to believe any large group of people defective is something we must all struggle to avoid, not struggle to legitimize with pseudo-intellectual chatter. Unfortunately, Asher missed this memo.

More women are joining the battle for the CEO’s chair and pursuing dominance in their homes and communities. But in the process they’re becoming more like men. And men are becoming… well, less like men.

“Less like men?” And what are men like? Some claim carpenters and farmers are real men while stock traders are not. Some claim richer men are more manly than poorer ones, so the stock traders would beat the carpenters. In some cultures, manly men greet each other with double kisses on the cheek. Where I grew up, that would start a fist-fight. So, again, what does “like men” mean?

Asher has found a compatriot in pseudo-scientific emotional bigotry rationalization:

Renowned Australian neurosurgeon Charlie Teo believes men and women have different roles “set not only by society but set by physiology”.

“The current trend is for dads to be more hands on. But for all we know it may be proven in a hundred years time that that may be a negative thing for the upbringing of children,” he said recently on Seven’s Sunday Night program.

“They’re there to be protective. A man has to have a good job; he has to do well at school so he can get a good job and support his family. A woman has to be loving and caring,” he said.

Ah, here comes the heteronormativity – another perspective that seeks to negate the experiences of all people who don’t conform to gender norms. Even though millions of men miss the mark Teo sets for them – and many others aren’t even aiming for it – we know this is what men should be like because, um… well, let’s see if Asher has any science to clarify it. Maybe this statement?

For thousands of years men were providers and protectors and women nurturers. Evolution provided each with the physical and emotional assets to do these jobs well.

Hmm, nope, sorry. You can’t look at each trait we have now and assume evolution had a great and noble purpose for it. There is debate, for example, over whether blue eyes were actually an advantageous adaptation or merely a trait that bottlenecked in a particular population, but didn’t hurt anyone, and therefore became rather popular. We’ll probably never know for sure.

But there are additional problems with Asher’s claim. First, in hunter-gatherer societies, it’s ridiculous to negate the role of women in providing since gathering is part of that. Second, there is a history of some women fighting to protect their tribes or villages, and there are cultural reasons why women have been excluded from warfare.

But here Asher offers some statistical information. Stats can be scientific, when they’re properly gathered and sensibly applied, so let’s give them a shot.

The Annual Child Care and Workforce Participation Survey found 33 per cent of women who returned to work did so for independence, and 27 per cent for career progression.

However, a British survey of 2000 men revealed one-third of men would prefer to be the sole breadwinning traditional father while another quarter would like to be the main breadwinner with their spouse working only part-time.

When she said “however,” weren’t you expecting her to follow with something that revealed more about the women’s responses in the first survey? Instead, she counters a statement about women’s preferences with one about men’s: “Women want X; however, men want something mutually exclusive with X.” Surely she’ll explain the significance of this contradiction.

Instead, men are sporting aprons, doing their own ironing and pushing trolleys down supermarket aisles – roles that don’t exactly exude manliness.

The survey also found more than half of respondents thought 21st century society was turning men into “waxed and coiffed metrosexuals”, who had to live according to women’s rules.

Oh, I see now: her point was simply that men aren’t getting what they want thanks to feminism. You know, I kind of thought that might be her point all along. It usually is the point with people making this argument: “Feminism is making men unhappy. I don’t like that. I shall find a way to rationalize my desires into what sounds kind of like logic, and then no one can stop me!” But wait – there’s a Real Problem here:

When a man is stripped of his sense of purpose, it’s more difficult to satisfy that instinctive hunger for power and purpose. Could this be part of the reason why one in eight Australian men experiences severe depression in their lifetime?

Actually, no, no, no, no, no. Plenty of men have always experienced depression, and typically manifested it as manly manly rage. It’s not that more men are experiencing depression; it’s that more men are getting treatment for it and being counted. You can thank feminism and mental health advocacy for that: in seeking to make the culture understand that depression is neither just a bad attitude nor a factor of wacky female emotionalism, they made it less uncomfortable for men to seek treatment instead of just drinking themselves into an early grave or shooting themselves in the face, like they did back in the good ol’ days.

At no point does Asher mention how many women are depressed.

Never does Asher offer any logical foundation for her assertions (or Teo’s) that men are supposed to protect and provide for a family while women nurture. That’s because there isn’t one. That’s because the woman who could’ve been a big somebody if only she hadn’t gotten pregnant with those damn kids and had to marry existed long before feminism. The man who didn’t derive purpose from his occupation also existed long before feminism. These people and many other non-conformists are part of why feminism came into being: because millions of people have always found a conflict between their true inner nature and the supposed “norms” of their gender.

The “norms” have never been true mathematical norms: sure, many people naturally happen to conform to stereotypes of their gender, and that’s absolutely fine. But a huge minority don’t – much too big a minority to be dismissed as a fluke. Especially when you consider how the minority might be increased if we could somehow eliminate from the count people who have merely convinced themselves they conform in order to make life easier. Because it does make life oh so much easier.

If the norms were really norms, why would culture work so incredibly hard at brainwashing us all into our acceptable roles, that we have an entire collection of industries for this site to critique for that very reason?

{ 230 comments… read them below or add one }

211
+1 JT (like) (flag)
February 15, 2011 at 3:59 pm

oops, sorry! I hit the wrong “reply”. My comment above is meant to be nested here. D’oh!

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212
The Other Anne (like) (flag)
February 15, 2011 at 4:46 pm

Yeah, I never got that either. I mean, I’m not the strongest of people. It takes a LOT of effort for me to lug a shipping box with a seven reel movie in it (like I did the other night with “The Rite”). Those are over 40lbs sometimes and awkward to hold with a little plastic handle. But I can. And I do. And thankfully I have awesome non-essentialist coworkers–five men–who not only don’t coddle me as though I can’t handle it, but expect me to do it and don’t do any patronizing praise for these simple things. That’s almost worse than people telling me “let one of the boys do that!”: when people say things like “good for you! Carrying that box all by yourself!” LIKE WTF. How is it so expected for us to lug around 10lbs of fetus for months and then push it through a little teeny hole and undergo all that pain and work…but doing menial labor is somehow, like, totes beyond us or exceptional of us. Blah.

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213
JT (like) (flag)
February 15, 2011 at 4:47 pm

yup! I worked at an office of mostly women and like, 2 guys, and aside from those 2 guys, I was the only other one that could lift that water jug and flip it over when it needed changing. The ladies would scold me and want to get one of the guys, and the guys used to try to stop me from doing it and take over. As if my bones would break!

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214
GardenGoblin (like) (flag)
February 15, 2011 at 4:23 pm

It’s amazing how often I take crap for being able to pick up two 50lb bags of feed and lug them out to the barn. Yeah, I’m female, and yeah, I’m not particularly tall, but is it really that outrageous? I’m expected to cart around a 40lb kid, but it’s somehow amazing that I can lift a 40lb box? I’m expected to be able to lug around a stroller, diaper bag, and child, but it’s impressive that I can strap on a 75lb backpack?

In school, I was regularly carrying 50-60lbs of books. And yet, the principal who approved doing away with lockers thus forcing us to cart around all these books would yell at me if I picked up a 30lb box and tell me I should get ‘one of the boys’ to do that.

:::headdesk::::

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215
sbg (like) (flag)
February 15, 2011 at 8:15 pm

That’s exactly what two of my male coworkers “explained” to me today about why there were so many strip joints geared to (het) men, but practically no strip joints catered to women. “Men are built different. We’re visual… women are beautiful to look at and men aren’t.” Blah, blah, blah.

It never occurred to them to consider that had women not been made objects by men for centuries and/or had the same entitlement in reverse, then perhaps having more strip joints geared to (het) women would, in fact, exist right alongside the Deja Vu down on Whatever Street.

And neither of them believed me when I said that women can be and are visually stimulated as well. Nope, it’s alllllll because we’re not built the same way.

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216
Jennifer Kesler (like) (flag)
February 15, 2011 at 10:21 pm

That’s one of the many evo-psych myths that’s been shredded, but where’s the press on it? Curiously silent.

Here’s a pretty good article on it. The researchers measured actual brainwaves as they showed pictures – ranging from erotic to very non-stimulating. They expected men to react more than women to the erotic images, based on men *subjectively* reporting more arousal to erotic imagery in many studies. But it turned out that when you actually monitor brain responses instead of asking people to give you (culturally filtered) responses, women reacted just as much to the erotic images as men.

Anecdotal: when I was 11, my girl friends and I would frame-by-frame through clips of certain male rock stars swinging their asses on stage or wearing Speedos. We wore out one video tape. No one had encouraged us to do this. I even had the idea you weren’t supposed to look below the neck when evaluating male beauty, that it was dirty to do so, but I kept finding my eyes drifting to shoulders and butts and… oh, my, I just went to my childhood happy place.

And I’m actually NOT a particularly visual person, because I’m much more tuned into sound. But I still react powerfully and sexually to the sight of beauty in a man.

But in any case, that’s not actually what men are reacting to in strip clubs. Men are conditioned to find displays of sexual vulnerability sexually stimulating. Women are conditioned to feel averse to having much power over anybody ever. The erotic reaction to feeling you have power over somebody has its roots in predation and rape culture. That’s why a lot of exotic dancers and strippers actually aren’t anywhere near beautiful – it’s the vulnerability of nakedness, not the eroticism. If they truly found it erotic, they wouldn’t want to be sitting at a table full of other guys, if you know what I mean.

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217
sbg (like) (flag)
February 15, 2011 at 10:53 pm

Yeah, it was about two minutes at the end of a very quick side session in an all-day work event. If I couldn’t get them to understand the first point, they would never have gotten the second re: vulnerability and power. Heh. I might point them here instead and be done with it.

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Jennifer Kesler (like) (flag)
February 16, 2011 at 9:57 am

*nods* And a lot of times in conversations like that, the party supporting the status quo view isn’t really even listening to the party making an argument against it. They’re just trying to correct the thinking-for-herself’s person’s obviously confused brain work.

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Jennifer Kesler (like) (flag)
February 22, 2011 at 12:47 pm

I just now saw this somehow. There are cultures where women are encouraged to be bigger, such as many parts of Africa (the western thin standard is slowly taking over). Unfortunately, no data on how strong they are. You’re raising interesting questions for sure.

The thing about women in firefighting or military type work is such bullshit. Even if you demanded precisely the same physical fitness requirements from both genders, at least SOME women would still qualify. And a lot of men don’t! At all! Like, not even close! So the gender discrepancy even now isn’t nearly as big a gap as they make it out to be.

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220
The Other Anne (like) (flag)
February 22, 2011 at 9:00 pm

I said it somewhere else maybe in this thread, but when I was in Zambia I was called “fat” and it was a compliment–from a 16 yr old girl in Livingstone. Unfortunately, it was also very apparent that western ideals were taking over because even though she meant it to compliment me she felt she had to explain that it was a compliment and why (though I already knew some people would call me that before I went–I was with someone who spent over a year and a half there working in Congolese refugee camps.

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221
Gategrrl (like) (flag)
February 23, 2011 at 2:57 pm

And, of course, if they were correct about women not being visually stimulated (wtf is with that??), then there would be no need for hot young actors on television shows. And actors starring as sparkly vampires, or Egyptian archeologists, or dream idea planters (Inception) wouldn’t exist. They’d be schlumpy, average, pit-pocked, scraggly, chubby, muscleless shlubs. It’s either they are cast to appeal to women, OR hot, handsome young actors are cast because they turn other men on.

You’re co-irkers aren’t thinking the implications through. Of course, guys like that never do. I would next time you’re in a conversation like that, you could point that out.

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222
Gategrrl (like) (flag)
February 23, 2011 at 3:01 pm

testing to see if my new icon shows up.

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223
Casey (like) (flag)
February 23, 2011 at 6:59 pm

THAT ICON IS AWESOME!! :D

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224
Karakuri (like) (flag)
February 25, 2011 at 5:32 am

YES, I can relate to this so well. I’m told by everyone around me that women are naturally this way and that. It ought to be obvious to them by now that I’m not any of the things they tell me I am.
This place helps me stay sane.

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225
Karakuri (like) (flag)
February 25, 2011 at 5:36 am

Oh, and I live in Japan, where I don’t dare disagree. Openly. The topic is pretty much untouchable, even if I were a native Japanese speaker (which would make things MUCH easier).

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226
+1 Sally (like) (flag)
April 8, 2011 at 4:37 am

During WWII, approximately 800 000 women served in the armed forces of the USSR — as tankists, fighter- and bomber-pilots, sailors, partisans, medical personnel, front-line infantry and cavalry, and especially as snipers. The Soviets found that sniper duties fitted women well, since good snipers are patient, deliberate, have a high level of aerobic conditioning, and normally avoid hand-to-hand combat.

Soviet military theory held that women make better snipers than men because they are less prone to posturing. When a man gets in a fight, he is typically satisfied to see his opponent cry “uncle” or run away. War, of course, is not about scaring people, it is about killing them. Some, though not all, men will subconsciously fire over their enemy’s heads in the hopes of scaring them off. But women typically just get busy killing.

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227
Sally (like) (flag)
April 8, 2011 at 6:24 pm

Not necessarily. I tend to think that biology and society are not, in the end, conceptually separable from each other, but that they are related in such a way that each partially constitutes the other. Human biology has permitted the development of certain types of social organization at the same time as those particular forms of social organization permitted and encouraged a certain direction in biological evolution. I omit argumentation in support of my position, but I can provide it if asked.

In relation to the question of overall ‘body shape/type,’ we could argue that the fairly exaggerated gender dimorphism that we see in contemporary society seems to be at least partly a result of social factors. In some ethnic groups, there is little physical differentiation between men and women. Women are as tall as men, have equally broad shoulders and narrow hips, and have breasts so small that it is often difficult to tell an individual’s sex even when seen from the front. The relatively smaller size of females in other ethnic groups is often due directly to the fact that their nutrition is inferior because of their lower social status. Differential feeding may also have resulted in selection for shorter females, since taller women would have found it harder to survive on minimal food. Similarly, the cultural preference for shorter and more slender women in modern industrial society may have resulted in more of these women being able to reproduce than their sisters. It has even been suggested that the sex distinction itself may be in part a social product, because ‘intersex’ individuals were less likely to be preferred as marriage partners.

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228
BetterUserName (like) (flag)
February 9, 2012 at 11:50 am

Generally, I find engaging in discourse with gender essentialists and evo-psych nuts to be a waste of my time, mainly because they’re so offended and outraged by science and facts that I wonder if they’re rotted and decayed upstairs. I mean seriously, how could anyone believe that biology, medicine, and basic facts like, “In many Asian countries, math is for girls, and so women perform better on math tests and comprise the majority of STEM workforces” are politically biased?

My mere existence offends them too, because I’m an American woman who’s never wanted kids, has always been interested in solely STEM pursuits, screws up domestic tasks every time, loves black and hates pink, and prefers woodworking to planning a wedding. Engaging with gender essentialists reduces them to sputtering out nonsense like, “You must have been exposed to high levels of testosterone in utero,” or “You probably are hormonally a man.” Nope, and nope. In their hearts, gender essentialists know this crap isn’t true. This is why they carry out concerted campaigns to make life difficult for me and other women like me who don’t fit the role of the Perfect American Woman. It’s why my state is rated an F on abortion access by NARAL. It’s why my year and a half job search in a highly gender-segregated workforce (my town is rather 1950s-ish and old-timey) has yielded zilch, zip, nada in the way of offers, and why when I did work at my STEM jobs previously, I endured a disproportionately high amount of bullying and sexual harassment for a disproportionately low amount of pay.

Above all, though, evo-psych and gender essentialist nuts wage their war against science, feminism, and basic human dignity by silencing anyone who questions the gender binary. Discriminated against at work? We love being victims. Angry we don’t have access to abortions? We’re whores, and women who don’t know their rightful place as docile virgin-mothers. Sick of pink Disney princesses? We’re joyless hairy legged lesbians who hate the idea that little girls enjoy being Real Females(tm).

My misanthropy is typically sky high, but these goons send it to the Milky Way, for real.

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229
Riles (like) (flag)
April 6, 2013 at 4:56 pm

I love you for specifically using cultural differences to explain why someone’s sex does not say what they like or have a talent for.

If it was merely biological like so many would like to believe, it would occur across ALL cultures. But gender norms, are not standardized everywhere.

So thank you for this! This belief is my serious pet peeve with some people.

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230
Jennifer Kesler (like) (flag)
April 7, 2013 at 6:03 am

Riles,

Human beings are deeply oblivious to their own psychology, from which culture emanates. They’ll think they’ve raised their kids exactly the same way, and yet the boys turned out boyish and the girls turned out girlish, therefore GENES! But in reality, they’ve conveyed strong gender role expectation without even realizing they did it. I read a book by a PhD a year or two ago where she told this kind of story about her own daughter as proof that GENES!, and at no point did she even try to argue that she’d carefully reviewed all the influences on her daughter to make sure they were free of gender messages (yeah, because school NEVER imparts gender messages, nor does TV, nor do other relatives…). Apparently she thought by not buying the daughter dolls, she’d erased all cultural gender messages! I was literally embarrassed to read this.

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