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See, this is why gender essentialism is essentially sexist

by Jennifer Kesler on December 6, 2010

Reader Audra submitted this article, Confessions of a Young Anti-Feminist, by Josephine Asher. I’ve long maintained that sexist arguments are rarely rational, and usually represent intellects that are more privileged than trained, but rarely have I seen an article do a better job of inadvertently making the argument for me. Asher’s failure to separate rationalized emotion from rationality begins here:

Instead of harnessing the different qualities of men and women to energise us, we are striving to make men and women equal.

I long ago banned gender essentialist arguments from this site. Gender essentialism is the idea that men and women are inherently different, and therefore any woman claiming not to like pink and babies is either lying, rebelling or deranged – and likewise, any man claiming not to care for sports or want to spend time with his kids even if it means changing diapers is similarly deranged. The assumption of inherent biological differences completely lacks scientific foundation, and I make that case more thoroughly in the article linked above. But worse, what it’s founded on is an emotional desire to believe that everyone who doesn’t conform to gender “norms” is defective and can therefore be discounted as a representative of humanity. If we want to be taken seriously as thoughtful human beings, the desire to believe any large group of people defective is something we must all struggle to avoid, not struggle to legitimize with pseudo-intellectual chatter. Unfortunately, Asher missed this memo.

More women are joining the battle for the CEO’s chair and pursuing dominance in their homes and communities. But in the process they’re becoming more like men. And men are becoming… well, less like men.

“Less like men?” And what are men like? Some claim carpenters and farmers are real men while stock traders are not. Some claim richer men are more manly than poorer ones, so the stock traders would beat the carpenters. In some cultures, manly men greet each other with double kisses on the cheek. Where I grew up, that would start a fist-fight. So, again, what does “like men” mean?

Asher has found a compatriot in pseudo-scientific emotional bigotry rationalization:

Renowned Australian neurosurgeon Charlie Teo believes men and women have different roles “set not only by society but set by physiology”.

“The current trend is for dads to be more hands on. But for all we know it may be proven in a hundred years time that that may be a negative thing for the upbringing of children,” he said recently on Seven’s Sunday Night program.

“They’re there to be protective. A man has to have a good job; he has to do well at school so he can get a good job and support his family. A woman has to be loving and caring,” he said.

Ah, here comes the heteronormativity – another perspective that seeks to negate the experiences of all people who don’t conform to gender norms. Even though millions of men miss the mark Teo sets for them – and many others aren’t even aiming for it – we know this is what men should be like because, um… well, let’s see if Asher has any science to clarify it. Maybe this statement?

For thousands of years men were providers and protectors and women nurturers. Evolution provided each with the physical and emotional assets to do these jobs well.

Hmm, nope, sorry. You can’t look at each trait we have now and assume evolution had a great and noble purpose for it. There is debate, for example, over whether blue eyes were actually an advantageous adaptation or merely a trait that bottlenecked in a particular population, but didn’t hurt anyone, and therefore became rather popular. We’ll probably never know for sure.

But there are additional problems with Asher’s claim. First, in hunter-gatherer societies, it’s ridiculous to negate the role of women in providing since gathering is part of that. Second, there is a history of some women fighting to protect their tribes or villages, and there are cultural reasons why women have been excluded from warfare.

But here Asher offers some statistical information. Stats can be scientific, when they’re properly gathered and sensibly applied, so let’s give them a shot.

The Annual Child Care and Workforce Participation Survey found 33 per cent of women who returned to work did so for independence, and 27 per cent for career progression.

However, a British survey of 2000 men revealed one-third of men would prefer to be the sole breadwinning traditional father while another quarter would like to be the main breadwinner with their spouse working only part-time.

When she said “however,” weren’t you expecting her to follow with something that revealed more about the women’s responses in the first survey? Instead, she counters a statement about women’s preferences with one about men’s: “Women want X; however, men want something mutually exclusive with X.” Surely she’ll explain the significance of this contradiction.

Instead, men are sporting aprons, doing their own ironing and pushing trolleys down supermarket aisles – roles that don’t exactly exude manliness.

The survey also found more than half of respondents thought 21st century society was turning men into “waxed and coiffed metrosexuals”, who had to live according to women’s rules.

Oh, I see now: her point was simply that men aren’t getting what they want thanks to feminism. You know, I kind of thought that might be her point all along. It usually is the point with people making this argument: “Feminism is making men unhappy. I don’t like that. I shall find a way to rationalize my desires into what sounds kind of like logic, and then no one can stop me!” But wait – there’s a Real Problem here:

When a man is stripped of his sense of purpose, it’s more difficult to satisfy that instinctive hunger for power and purpose. Could this be part of the reason why one in eight Australian men experiences severe depression in their lifetime?

Actually, no, no, no, no, no. Plenty of men have always experienced depression, and typically manifested it as manly manly rage. It’s not that more men are experiencing depression; it’s that more men are getting treatment for it and being counted. You can thank feminism and mental health advocacy for that: in seeking to make the culture understand that depression is neither just a bad attitude nor a factor of wacky female emotionalism, they made it less uncomfortable for men to seek treatment instead of just drinking themselves into an early grave or shooting themselves in the face, like they did back in the good ol’ days.

At no point does Asher mention how many women are depressed.

Never does Asher offer any logical foundation for her assertions (or Teo’s) that men are supposed to protect and provide for a family while women nurture. That’s because there isn’t one. That’s because the woman who could’ve been a big somebody if only she hadn’t gotten pregnant with those damn kids and had to marry existed long before feminism. The man who didn’t derive purpose from his occupation also existed long before feminism. These people and many other non-conformists are part of why feminism came into being: because millions of people have always found a conflict between their true inner nature and the supposed “norms” of their gender.

The “norms” have never been true mathematical norms: sure, many people naturally happen to conform to stereotypes of their gender, and that’s absolutely fine. But a huge minority don’t – much too big a minority to be dismissed as a fluke. Especially when you consider how the minority might be increased if we could somehow eliminate from the count people who have merely convinced themselves they conform in order to make life easier. Because it does make life oh so much easier.

If the norms were really norms, why would culture work so incredibly hard at brainwashing us all into our acceptable roles, that we have an entire collection of industries for this site to critique for that very reason?

{ 230 comments… read them below or add one }

151
Nicky P (like) (flag)
December 8, 2010 at 5:54 pm

You’re on a roll. :D

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152
Gategrrl (like) (flag)
December 8, 2010 at 6:10 pm

Your prof didn’t go to the art school I attended, then, I guess. There was sex going on all over the place, and I do mean, *all over* the school. The staff wasn’t immune to all the sex going around, either!

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153
Casey (like) (flag)
December 8, 2010 at 6:26 pm

That bit about gays having their brains mis-wired…this is a bit off-topic, but it DID take place on DeviantART so, yay!
There was some guy who submitted something called the “Perfect Girl Meme” where you draw in the body parts of your ideal woman, this was already problematic enough, but the fact that he had a giant silhouette of a stripper in the background (which implies what sort of woman he thinks is perfect), AND that he got super defensive and started spewing out factually inaccurate evo-psych rhetoric to justify his submission was REALLY AWFUL. He said to me that if a woman is sufficiently hot enough (and of course by hot enough he means conforming to current beauty standards of tall, tan, peroxide blond and huge fake boobs) they could turn a gay man straight and give an asexual a sex drive (he also said that all asexuals are damaged sociopaths who need to be fixed), and that STUDIES HAVE PROVEN HOT WOMEN CAN RAISE THE TESTOSTERONE OF GAY MEN BY 20%!! Just…what the fuck are you talking about, my boy?

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154
sbg (like) (flag)
December 8, 2010 at 6:26 pm

I try not to remember Heroes…

Seriously, though, there’s a difference between loving your daughter the mostest and She Is The Only Important Thing In The Universe.

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155
Casey (like) (flag)
December 8, 2010 at 6:27 pm

Does fapping count as a lack of sexual fulfillment?

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156
Jennifer Kesler (like) (flag)
December 8, 2010 at 6:55 pm

I recently rewatched Alias, and was struck at how they got the right balance with Jack Bristow. He’s VERY focused on Sydney, and making things right for her, and making things up to her. But the focus isn’t obsession: he just doesn’t have anything else honest and real in his life to give it meaning after all these years of being double-crossed by country and friends. He’s just a somewhat tragic character who’s decided if he can’t have the life he wanted, he’ll do what he can to make sure his daughter gets the one she wants.

And I dunno, there may be some old, tired tropes bound up in that – I rarely watch anything involving families, so I’m likely not attuned to them. But it worked for me.

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157
Maria (like) (flag)
December 8, 2010 at 9:52 pm

And he does it while still respecting her professionalism. That’s one of the things I really liked about the show — he’s never like, oh noooo don’t take this dangerous job!! MY BABY!

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158
SarahSyna (like) (flag)
December 9, 2010 at 12:11 am

Sooo… He’s never heard of Picasso then? The guy was friskier than a dog in heat. Vermeer had not only a wife but kids (as did Picasso, actually). And Raphael actually died because he had so much sex with his girlfriend that he got a fever.

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159
Shaun (like) (flag)
December 9, 2010 at 5:50 am

I didn’t feel the characters were sociopaths at all. The books had a high body count (a more realistic way of portraying superhero fights, IMO), which may have led to that ambiance, but the team actively tried to prevent as many deaths as possible. Swift actually talks about how she and Jack used to be pacifists, too, and there’s that scene where she refuses to engage an enemy, finding a nonviolent alternative instead. She does that twice, actually. In one book.

I haven’t read Transmetropolitan or Nextwave, but the evil Avenger storyline was Mark Millar, not Warren Ellis, sooooo I’m not sure what Dark Age versions of Silver Age tropes you’re talking about? :)

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160
Elee (like) (flag)
December 9, 2010 at 8:29 am

Oooh, I would gladly through the only pair of high-heels I own at her. At least they would get some use. Though she would probably choke on all the dust they have gathered. *uncomfortable footwear is uncomfortable*

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161
Casey (like) (flag)
December 9, 2010 at 2:06 pm

The thing that bugs me about this is WHAT MAKES people think that whatever men do is more important in the first place? Does it have to do with the gender stratification? Because further down in the comments Alara says that in most cultures (regardless of gender egalitarianism, I assume) most men believe their roles in society are better/more important than whatever it is women do, and the only variable is how much women think that idea is bullshit.

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162
Charles RB (like) (flag)
December 10, 2010 at 5:50 pm

“If Sandra McFarlane was making a comedy about an ugly, stupid, insensitive jerk of a man who is cruel to his wife and daughter, who’s friends with a date rapist, whose wife is beautiful, smart, sexy, and came from a wealthy family, that would mean something different”

I wonder what would happen if Sandra McFarlane did the exact same show but with all the genders flipped? I’m betting a lot of people who laugh with Peter Griffin getting quite confused and uncomfortable over Penny Griffin, when she keeps coming out on top and being right all along despite dumping on her husband and son.

(Mind you, I’D like to see an all-women The Young Ones with the exact same amount of violence.)

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163
Charles RB (like) (flag)
December 10, 2010 at 5:53 pm

“And men are becoming… well, less like men … The current trend is for dads to be more hands on … Instead, men are sporting aprons… and pushing trolleys down supermarket aisles ”

So men were traditionally meant to raise their sons and provide food for their family, and now men are being less like men because they’re raising their sons and providing food for the family.

Well, I’m convinced!

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164
Colin Day (like) (flag)
December 11, 2010 at 2:06 pm

What, then, would be our purpose in his life?

Letting him massage your feet when you get home?

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165
Patrick McGraw (like) (flag)
December 12, 2010 at 4:13 am

Hmm, perhaps I’m conflating them a bit. It’s certainly possible for a later writer to fuck over a franchise so thoroughly that they poison one’s perception of the earlier work.

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166
Patrick McGraw (like) (flag)
December 12, 2010 at 4:17 am

What drives me even more crazy is when I run across people writing online about how the occasional well-researched werewolf story is DOIN IT WRONG because they didn’t hammer the character’s personalities and relationships into the captive-wolf social model.

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167
Jennifer Kesler (like) (flag)
December 12, 2010 at 9:02 am

Here’s a thought: maybe captive wolves got that social structure from us.

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168
+1 Attackfish (like) (flag)
December 12, 2010 at 9:24 am

There might be something to that. Canines are very observant, and while wolves are not as in tune to what humans are doing as dogs, our dog pack has developed a family structure almost identical to our family, with a strong, protective, worried alpha female, a quiet, easygoing alpha male, and a four dog gaggle of everybody else, including one dog who is both the pest and the doting older brother, and a permanent puppy who tries to get everyone to get along. It would be an interesting study in cross species socialization to study family and dog family dynamics right beside each other.

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169
Maria (like) (flag)
December 12, 2010 at 9:52 am

Haha I wonder what that says about hyperbole and a half’s dogs!

http://hyperboleandahalf.blogspot.com/2010/11/dogs-dont-understand-basic-concepts.html

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170
Attackfish (like) (flag)
December 12, 2010 at 11:35 am

that she, as many of her commenters keep telling her, has a dog with a lot of greyhound in it? They’re weird. (Yes, I have a half Italian greyhound)

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171
Charles RB (like) (flag)
December 12, 2010 at 12:06 pm

“in Germany, we just had some assclown say that due to our immigrants, our country would become less German.”

Claims like this, in any given country, are made by people who claim to be patriotic and viewing their nation & national culture as the greatest of nations & cultures, a great civilisation compared to the barbarity of the immigrant’s cultures.

Then, in the same breath, they tell us that immigrants and their naturalised offspring are going to stick with this lesser culture, and that when it comes to a battle the nation is going to lose. Our Western cultures are both the Best of the Best and fragile things that could never survive a cultural conflict at the same time. It’s a grand example of doublethink. (See also: the great persecution of straight white male Christians in America)

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172
The Other Patrick (like) (flag)
December 12, 2010 at 2:39 pm

Well put!

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173
jennygadget (like) (flag)
December 12, 2010 at 11:02 pm

I just read an interview with the authors of Packaging Girlhood – and now Packaging Boyhood – (both on my to-read lists after reading the interview). They said they saw two main stereotypes of boys in the media. One is that boyhood meant being aggressive and always on top, king of the hill. That seems to be the one that gets talked about a lot. The second, though, was boys as slackers or lovable losers. Which I think is closely related to what people are generally talking about when critiquing the stereotype of woman as nag and man as fun-loving.

I don’t know if they make the connection more explicitly in the book, but the interview implied that the second is a result of the latter. If boyhood means being on top, but life dictates not everyone can be one top, boys then begin to fear genuine ambition and instead value not caring.

the interview can be read here: http://www.ypulse.com/author-spotlight-packaging-boyhood-by-mark-tappan-lyn-brown-sharon-lamb

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174
Shaun (like) (flag)
December 13, 2010 at 12:33 am

Yeah, that can be a problem with comic books in general, at least the superhero variety.

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175
SunlessNick (like) (flag)
December 14, 2010 at 4:55 pm

Evolution is also about adaptation to new circumstances – change or die, fitness isn’t a constant. In which case, since the world we (the “we” who blog and argue about evo-psych) live in has changed a lot since hunter-gatherer times, simple evolutionary theory implies that we ought not to try being just like hunter-gatherers.

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176
Jenny Islander (like) (flag)
December 15, 2010 at 3:01 pm

I think I have figured out why the teacher in my long-ago Anthro 101 course spent a class period talking about gender roles among the pre-contact Inuit. I don’t have my notes anymore, but IIRC he went on at length about how the skill set needed to survive in the Canadian Far North using only local resources is too big for any one person to master AND many of the skills have to be taught as early as possible for full mastery (something about how most kids’ toys were working miniatures of adult tools) AND ALSO the local resource base was so scanty that even highly skilled people were forced to live in small isolated groups for most of the time, AND SO the culture depended on the partnership of a fertile couple, with the man and woman having complementary skill sets, plus their children, plus possibly an elderly dependent or two if they could still work and there was enough food. At the time I thought he was trying to explain how putting Grandma on an ice floe could be the least evil of a limited set of options, but some of his turns of phrase were odd. I think that he was also speaking to, and disagreeing with, the gender essentialists in the classroom. He kept calling out the Inuit situation as waaaaay on one end of several different bell curves.

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177
Jennifer Kesler (like) (flag)
January 15, 2011 at 4:59 pm

Hmm. I’m reading this book now, and I’m so frustrated. She’ll spend a chapter taking down everyone else’s evo-bio arguments (based on animal studies that can’t be applied to humans, for example), then spend a chapter explaining through anecdotes how Since Gender Differences Is Obviously All Fixed Now and kids still do gender-biased stuff, and monkeys do, too, it’s obviously hard-wired and we shouldn’t try to fix it TOO much, because that would be tampering with nature, but we could fix it some, and, oh, obviously there is something wrong with kids who deviate from their gender norms (“Tomboys” and “Sissies”, she says researchers call them), and it’s sad how they’ll suffer throughout their tragic lives.

So, basically, her foundation is that gender bias is extinct and yet, wow, kids still choose gender-appropriate toys, therefore it’s hard-wired. Isn’t that precisely Larry Summers’ approach?

If gender bias is extinct in Chicago, I’ll go pack right now. Sure remains alive and healthy everywhere I’ve lived!

Honestly, I think she’s just freaked out that she grew up a tomboy (she shares anecdotes about her kids, husband and herself at the level of a mommy blogger), and has a daughter who is more “girly”, and wants to justify how that can’t possibly be something she did wrong as a mom. That’s what it feels like the entire book is really about.

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178
Casey (like) (flag)
January 15, 2011 at 10:25 pm

Hmm…this sounds like a real let-down…do you think perhaps you shall post an official review of the book in a blog post or something~?

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179
Jennifer Kesler (like) (flag)
January 16, 2011 at 3:09 pm

Oh, yeah, I plan to.

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180
Casey (like) (flag)
January 16, 2011 at 3:55 pm

YAAAY :D

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