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The Most Serious And All Pervasive Human Rights Abuse on Earth

by Deborah Bell on April 13, 2011

Jimmy Carter says much of the discrimination and abuse suffered by women around the world is attributable to a belief “that women are inferior in the eyes of God.” Carter called mistreatment of women “the most serious and all pervasive and damaging human rights abuse on Earth.”

I heard a spot on the national news on my local NPR station quoting a couple of comments from former president Jimmy Carter that caught my interest. When I searched for the speech, I found that Pres. Carter is considered a prominent feminist (at least, he is called that online in some places) and frequently makes similar points during some high prestige speeches. I respect someone who uses their bully pulpit to tell the Parliament of World Religions:

This view that the Almighty considers women to be inferior to men is not restricted to one religion or tradition. Its influence does not stop at the walls of the church, mosque, synagogue, or temple. Women are prevented from playing a full and equal role in many faiths, creating an environment in which violations against women are justified.

The truth is that male religious leaders have had – and still have – an option to interpret holy teachings either to exalt or subjugate women. They have, for their own selfish ends, overwhelmingly chosen the latter.

This.

Pres. Carter describes his experiences in the Southern Baptist denomination, which match exactly what I experienced growing up in several other denominations and nondenominational churches. He quotes and summarizes the Bible, and talks about how you can argue the interpretation and the examples either way, and ultimately it comes down to how you want to interpret it – and the fact that it is interpreted in a way that justifies and perpetuates harm to women is a matter of laziness and selfishness and fear, just as the interpretations that justify and cause harm to children, LGBT oriented people, etc. And while Pres. Carter in his speech to the Parliament of World Religions speaks at length about Christianity and touches only briefly on other religions (apparently because his knowledge and experience is on Christianity), he makes it clear he feels all the major religious traditions contribute to the problem, and can contribute to the solution if desired.

He says, “Having served as local, state, national, and world leaders, we understand why many public officials can be reluctant to question ancient religious and traditional premises – an arena of great power and sensitivity.” My natural cynicism about those with power and what they really want says many may not really care one way or the other, or may wish for little more than stability so they can maintain their power – but I think the point is an interesting one nonetheless, coming as it does from someone who has had that power, and still has a lot of power, and chooses to use it this way.

{ 55 comments… read them below or add one }

1
Anemone (like) (flag)
April 13, 2011 at 5:50 am

We talked about this in my Women and Religion class (many years ago). Even in religious traditions with nothing sexist in the original teachings (I think we were discussing Buddhism) the actual practice becomes quite sexist quite quickly.

The cognitive developmentalist in me thinks cognitive development is a major factor. Blindly following tradition AND simple sex role stereotypes both being less sophisticated than different-but-equal and universal human rights and thinking for oneself.

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2
Anemone (like) (flag)
April 13, 2011 at 5:57 am

And if I were a politician I’d be pretty nervous about challenging organized religion, too. People can be very fervent about defending their beliefs. (Not that I’d be a typical politician either.)

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3
The Other Anne (like) (flag)
April 13, 2011 at 6:46 am

:D One of my dad’s most prized possessions is a signed letter from Jimmy Carter my dad got when he was a kid (he sent a letter to the then Pres first). Probably ghost-signed or whatever, but still.

I’ve also read recently that “God” had a wife-deity who was written out of the Bible early on. Not only does that destroy gender-eliminating rhetoric from the argument of god, but puts a big question into me: why? If it’s true, why? Well, why is a question I ask all the time about religious practices so it’s nothing new.

I understand why other people want or need faith in something larger than themselves even if I don’t want, like, or need it. But I cannot wrap my head around religion.

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4
Attackfish (like) (flag)
April 13, 2011 at 7:24 am

Hmm, I’m suspicious about the wife-deity thing, because in the original Hebrew, God is referred to in very gender-bending ways. Words that are translated simply as “Almighty” in the English frequently have poetic and very feminine connotations, whereas the word translated as “God” is the gender neutral pleural of “gods”, used to signal that all the divinity of the universe rests in this one figure. It’s not that God used to have a wife, it’s that God isn’t just male. The fact that this is studiously ignored by most followers of Christianity, and even most followers of Judaism who are obliged to learn the Hebrew (The Quran doesn’t have the gender-bending means of referring to God, he is explicitly masculine therein) says a lot about the interplay of secularly derived tradition and religion. (not that there isn’t plenty of gender awful in the biblical text, too)

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5
sbg (like) (flag)
April 13, 2011 at 7:24 am

I ♥ Jimmy Carter.

I remember once having a conversation with my mother about work. I referenced the bishop and used the pronoun “she”. There was intensely uncomfortable silence from my mother, a devout Roman Catholic. I … had a sad. My mother couldn’t even articulate why she thought it was “wrong” for a woman to hold the position of bishop (or even priest), relying solely on “that’s what the Church teaches” as her reasoning. Well, that’s not really reasoning at all on an individual level, is it?

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6
minuteye (like) (flag)
April 13, 2011 at 8:04 am

This is why I’m always very suspicious of people who claim to read a religious text “literally” in a modern language. I’ve spent enough time translating to know that even with the best intentions in the world, a perfect translation is impossible. Add in translators with biases, agendas and different cultural views, and who knows what you’re getting relative to the original text.

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7
Attackfish (like) (flag)
April 13, 2011 at 8:15 am

This. I’m not a biblical literalist, but I know my Tanakh, (and my Quran, it’s such pretty pretty Arabic) so it’s always bizarre to hear people making Old Testament arguments that are based on inaccurate translations. Many of them are convinced that the translations are divinely inspired too, which is why they like to cling to the translation they grew up with as the One True Version, and I usually find that people stop being biblical literalists after taking a biblical Hebrew class and reading it untranslated. Of course a lot of them become even more elitist in it, reading from the original Hebrew and telling all the other literalists that they’re wrong, but they’re the other literalists’ problem.

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8
SunlessNick (like) (flag)
April 13, 2011 at 8:46 am

Judaism today holds that God doesn’t have a physical gender, but in more ancient times, before it became strictly heno-or monotheistic, it’s theorised that Asherah was worshipped as Yahweh’s wife (that being why she gets more bad press in the Old Testament than Canaan’s other deities). But yeah, it wasn’t femininity that was written out of the divine in Judaism so much as humaniformity.

(I read once that even the words for man and woman in the Eden story were of somewhat confused gender, but I don’t know the specifics of that, or which parts of the story it would make ambiguous if it’s true).

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9
Jennifer Kesler (like) (flag)
April 13, 2011 at 8:52 am

If memory serves, some years ago (90s?), the Southern Baptist leadership announced that men were meant to be the “servant leaders” of households. Meaning, men were supposed to lead their families in a most unselfish and thoughtful sort of way… but it still meant having a penis made you the leader even if you had terrible judgment, couldn’t grasp things like finance, had Narcissistic Personality Disorder and thought your kids were convenient for fucking, or enjoyed beating the shit our of your wife whenever work was tense, or were otherwise totally unqualified to be in charge. I’ve seen many dysfunctional traditional families that would have at least been far LESS dysfunctional if Mom had been in charge – or even had EQUAL power to a father in society (see Dolores Claiborne) – instead of Dad.

Anyway, IIRC, that announcement prompted Jimmy Carter to leave the Southern Baptists because he just couldn’t get on with that idea. And I just loved him for it immediately, because the belief that men are somehow auto-qualified to control households, despite the plethora of really lousy individuals from both genders (who should not even be in control of a pet rock farm) is not only stupid, but malicious. It’s designed to perpetuate men are predators whose main prey is women and children. That’s not sustainable.

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10
Attackfish (like) (flag)
April 13, 2011 at 9:02 am

There’s also the fact that she was, along with Baal the primary deity of the Canaanites, and she’s the Canaanite form of Innana, the Semitic queen of heaven.

There is one part where it says that man and woman were created simultaneously, and another with Eve coming from the first man’s rib (or just as easily side, in other words, the proto human was split in two to make Adam and Eve) which some medieval rabbis decided meant there was a woman before Eve, and thus the tale of Lillith was born.

It gets even more fun with the symbolic wordplay. The word Adama mean’s earth, whereas the masculine version is Adam, who is made of earth. Then Eve, Chava, life, comes from Adam, the earth.

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11
Attackfish (like) (flag)
April 13, 2011 at 9:09 am

2000. He also started up a new Baptist movement in 2008 to counter the Southern Baptist convention and the racism/sexism/classism/general bigotry he observed within.

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12
The Other Anne (like) (flag)
April 13, 2011 at 9:32 am

I love it when people who know more than me talk about things I’m greatly interested in! This whole thread is incredibly awesome!

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13
The Other Anne (like) (flag)
April 13, 2011 at 9:42 am

It’s not just what the Church teaches–it’s in the Bible.

1 Timothy Chapter 2 Verse 12: But I suffer not a woman to teach, nor to usurp authority over the man, but to be in silence.

1 Corinthians Chapter 14 Verse 34: Let your women keep silence in the churches: for it is not permitted unto them to speak; but they are commanded to be under obedience as also saith the law.

Anti-theists love to bust these out when arguing with Christian women. But it’s usually used in a “shut up, bitch.” way over an “well what do you think about this verse, being a preaching woman of christianity?” way. I’m on the fence right now on a lot of anti-theist arguments, because I do consider myself anti-theist but I’m also non-confrontational, and I know that atheists are often told to “shut up, that’s why,” because I have been told that on multiple occasions, so it’s hard for me to really get a good larger picture of the whole thing.

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14
sbg (like) (flag)
April 13, 2011 at 10:07 am

Well, my point was more that my mother has zero inclination to distill the anti-woman stance of her church and belief system beyond, “It’s what they’re telling me to do, so it must be right.”

Those quotes only remind me that the Bible is a book written by men a long, long, looooong time ago and reinterpreted to suit at will, by men. ;)

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15
Attackfish (like) (flag)
April 13, 2011 at 10:14 am

Judaism isn’t uniform. I know that Conservative, Reform, and Reconstructionist Judaism holds to God’s gender neutrality, but do you know what Orthodox sects say?

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16
The Other Anne (like) (flag)
April 13, 2011 at 10:21 am

:) I was just trying to add that the church has their book to back them up, unfortunately, which probably has a big hand in the “what they’re telling me” part of your mother’s stance.

And yeah, your second paragraph, 100%.

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17
Anemone (like) (flag)
April 13, 2011 at 11:06 am

Ah, but those texts do not come from God, they come from Paul. We can ignore him. (Wasn’t he a lawyer or something?)

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18
Dani (like) (flag)
April 13, 2011 at 1:02 pm

I’ve started reading about the meaning of the original Hebrew of the Bible (though I have to use secondary sources, because I don’t know Biblical Hebrew) and it’s fascinating to read about all of the nuances and symbolism within different words and phrases (it reminds me of why I love languages so much). I used to assume that the translation was divinely inspired, too (not any one in particular, it was more of a subconscious assumption), until I really thought about it, and then I was like “wait a minute…” Now, I have to look a the original language and context (both historical and literary) of a particular text to even begin to feel like I understand it.

“it’s always bizarre to hear people making Old Testament arguments that are based on inaccurate translations.”

I notice this a lot. What’s even more head-scratching is when the correct translation is already well-known and understood.

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19
Dani (like) (flag)
April 13, 2011 at 1:09 pm

Jimmy Carter, that’s awesome.

I interacted with a lot of Southern Baptists in college, and heard the “servant leader” thing a lot. My pastor (who was a Southern Baptist) I think was truly a good man, and always made the “servant leader” thing seem doable and good, but I always wondered about the things you mentioned, Jennifer.

And then, of course, I’ve heard this same theme interpreted much more darkly, like when some men are hesitant to address domestic abuse in the church because it would discourage wifely submission or something. :/

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20
Patrick McGraw (like) (flag)
April 13, 2011 at 2:10 pm

The documentary hypothesis (Wikipedia here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Documentary_hypothesis) has some interesting ideas about the two conflicting accounts there – basically, that several books of the Pentateuch, including Genesis, were edited together from different documents.

I’m not well-versed in the subject (read one book about it in my Pentateuch class in college), but it seems like a pretty sound hypothesis.

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21
Patrick McGraw (like) (flag)
April 13, 2011 at 2:14 pm

He did write “test everything, hold onto the good” in regards to people’s religious proclamations and such. I have no qualms about applying that to Paul’s own writings.

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22
Patrick McGraw (like) (flag)
April 13, 2011 at 2:21 pm

Gets back to my theory that the major reason for their opposition to same-sex marriage is that it CAN’T conform to their “the one who has the penis is in charge” rule. And if society sees such marriages as normal, it may start to question how that rule can be applied to mixed-sex marriages.

So basically, I think the anti-equality movement’s claim that same-sex marriage threatens their existing mixed-sexed marriage tradition is true. As if I needed more reasons to support marriage equality than that “equality” part.

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23
Jennifer Kesler (like) (flag)
April 13, 2011 at 2:34 pm

*nods* I think that’s a solid theory.

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24
Jennifer Kesler (like) (flag)
April 13, 2011 at 2:44 pm

I think a “servant leader” deal CAN work, when the leader is loving and couldn’t be happy with their partner/kids being unhappy. It’s just bad as a rule for everyone, because then you do get the sort of problems I mentioned.

Your second paragraph – it’s even more insidious than that. If you know your church thinks men rule, and you’re being abused by a man, why would you go to the church for help? You feel isolated and alone, and honestly? They probably WILL squirm desperately to find a way to dismiss your problem as not as bad as it sounds, or not believe you, or anything to avoid confronting the man. But that’s not just a church thing – that’s our secular culture, too.

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25
Jennifer Kesler (like) (flag)
April 13, 2011 at 2:50 pm

That’s just beautiful.

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26
Attackfish (like) (flag)
April 13, 2011 at 3:35 pm

It’s a very good theory, and almost certainly right, though they can’t prove it unless the ancestral documents are by some miracle found. And of course those documents were woven together from many different versions of a common folk myth, and thus carries many of the flaws that such weavings naturally create. This makes life very difficult for people who think it’s the perfect word of God, and a whole lot of fun for myth and language geeks like me. It’s why some of the stories are repetitive, why some make no sense (where did Cain, Able, and Seth’s wives come from, for example) and why some parts are narrative and some are chronicle, etc.

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27
SunlessNick (like) (flag)
April 13, 2011 at 4:37 pm

I’m pretty sure the Orthodox hold God to be without gender as well; asking whether God is male or female is like asking how tall he is. “He…” because even when lack of gender is the belief, somehow the male pronoun still ends up being the “right” one to use in languages that divide them. Which makes the neutrality ring a bit hollow.

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28
SunlessNick (like) (flag)
April 13, 2011 at 4:47 pm

Or was that a rhetorical question, and you know differently, and I am wrong about the Orthodox view?

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29
firebird (like) (flag)
April 13, 2011 at 5:05 pm

I have been told Saul/Paul was a rabbi before the Damascus road experience, which would make him a priest sort of and a lawyer sort of. I don’t know if that is hearsay or recorded somewhere. The New Testament says he was commissioned by the “Jews” in Jerusalem to root out, question, torture, kill and/or bring back to Jerusalem for trial the Jews who had converted to Christianity – if he was a lawyer or priest he was an overly active one. His actions sound more like a Temple guard/hit man/enforcer.

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30
firebird (like) (flag)
April 13, 2011 at 5:09 pm

I think the concept of thinking of yourself, if you are a leader, as a servant to those you lead, is reasonable. It’s certainly better than lusting for power and using and abusing it anyway you can to keep it. What is often insidious in human propaganda is when we marry a good concept to a bad one and justify the bad one with the good one we claim is a necessary part. The bad idea here is to think that people are entitled to leadership/power because of gender or class or any other characteristic that doesn’t allow for checks on whether they are any good at it or using power badly to harm others, and simultaneously the idea that all human families must be one man leading one woman who is submissive and their children who are obedient.

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